For decades, if not centuries, conceptual analysis has been taken to be the best way of deepening our understanding of philosophical concepts, like the concept of knowledge, free will, time, and justice. In recent years, however, the reliability of conceptual analysis has been questioned by the philosophical movement labelled 'Experimental Philosophy'. In this special issue of Rivista di Estetica, we aim to make a significant contribution to the ongoing discussions on the role of empirical data in criticising or defending philosophical theses.