The actuality of Kantian thought is shown in this work through the study of an analogy that has not been given thorough exposure until now, namely that which Kant establishes between civil society and theatre. Concepts such as the unconscious, social fiction, conformism and development of one's individuality that characterise our own epoch are present in the Kantian theory of civil society in theatrical form. They emerge from the study of different themes addressed by the philosopher, and, at first glance, they seem unrelated to each other (the theme of dreams and hallucinations, of obscure representations, of freedom, of character, of moral illusion, of play, of fiction, of deception and of illusion). However, these themes if intertwined with each other, constitute a web of meanings that has as its theme the practical aim of reason according to Kant, that is, the eventual realization of the human being coinciding with his total autonomy and freedom. This work does not start from the principles of reason, but from the empirical existence of man, namely from his inclinations. By considering such a point of view, this research proposes a different perspective on the way in which, according to Kant, it is concretely possible, for the human being, to develop knowledge and self-awareness, thus creating a moral society.