Established in accordance with the wish of Pope Pius X, at the suggestion f Fr. Leopold Fonck, S. J., and straightway entrusted to the Society of Jesus, the Pontifical Biblical Institute celebrates its centenary in 2009. Its main centre is in the heart of Rome. It has a subsidiary branch in Jerusalem since 1927. Telling the story of this specialized university institution is in a way recalling the stages through which biblical exegesis has passed in the course of that century. Based on documents from archives, eighty of which are reproduced, this circumstantial account retraces, step by step, the important periods the Institute has lived through, in Rome, then in Jerusalem.