October 16 is an important date for the Jews of Rome and for Italians more widely: it is the day on which the first large-scale roundup took place in Italy, in which over a thousand people of every age, gender and background were targeted. This volume aims to provide an overview of the research that has taken place on the deportation of 1,020 Jews captured during the roundup carried out in Rome. In each paper, an attempt is made to stress the complexity of the Nazi occupation of the capital city. Indeed, it not only deals with the Ghetto, but the city as a whole: Jews, Catholics, Carabinieri, SS officers, German soldiers and police officers, members of the Italian resistance, fascists and collaborators. Not only does it delve into the events of 1943 to 1944, but it also examines how the Jewish community of Rome came to terms with the tragedy to which they were subjected and the repercussions that this had on the collective national memory in the post-war period. The identification of the exact spot on the platform of Tiburtina Station from which the train carrying those who were deported to Auschwitz departed is a respectful way to mark the significance of a site that epitomizes.