With this book, the Sinderesis School of the Gregorian University begins a survey of the situations of conflict on Europe's confines. Our study of the present crisis in Lebanon holds a particular importance as a potential model to interpret other, similar situations where diverse groups are called to live alongside each other, an intersection between conflict and the possibility of harmonious coexistence in the Middle East. The multidisciplinary approach, carried out according to the 'Social Discernment' template offered by the School, invites to look back over the key historical events that have led to such a complex situation in the "Country of Cedars" to better understand of Lebanon's present-day geopolitical, sociological, institutional and religious dynamics. This text can help even those who are still unfamiliar with Lebanon to learn about and love its history and present, in all the areas mentioned. It invites readers to engage concretely with this "Country-Message and Laboratory", while also renewing the hope of Lebanon's own citizens, encouraging them not lose it.