The book provides in-depth analysis and innovative insights on the prospects of climate and environmental litigation, namely by exploring the ability of judicial remedies and sanctions to affect public and private decision-making in every context where natural resources, climate as well as human health are at stake. The chapters reproduce, with additional elaborations, the papers presented at the international workshop that gives the volume its title, held at the University of Milan on 16 September 2022. The underlying question is whether and to what extent, in the face of unsatisfactory and unreasonable political choices on the balance be-tween the different interests at stake, resorting to national and supernational courts represents a valid alternative for a more sustainable future. The relevant contexts covered by the book include, for instance, industrial development, exploitation of natural resources, agricultural production, manufacturing techniques, as well as policies on energy, public and private trans-port, and urban development. The book is composed of three parts, each one addressing, from multiple perspectives, a specific category of judicial remedies in a certain area of legal studies: I) international human rights law; II) private international law and international trade law; II) domestic and international criminal law.