This volume presents in an organic and synthetic form the Theory of Audiotactile Music (TAM), an innovative musicological theoretical model based on criteria of cognitive anthropology aimed at defining in a taxonomic perspective the set of conceptual systems, practices, texts, experiences, objects and musical behaviours that gave rise to the traditions of jazz, rock, pop and world music during the 20th century. A research aimed, therefore, at the identification of universal, invariant and shared traits, within the self-evident and virtuous diversity of forms, genres and styles of the contemporary phonosphere. The epistemological scope of the Theory of Audiotactile Music is not, however, limited only to the new musical genres and styles that appeared in the 20th century: its tools of investigation reshape aesthetic and critical perspectives in relation to both Western art music and traditional world music cultures.