The aim of this volume is to the internationalisation of education research, with a specific focus on competency-based teaching. A brief summary of the subject matter of each chapter follows: (1) The concept of curriculum and the Nataonal Guidelines on Curriculum Development in Italy; (2) Definition of competence and its operationalisation in terms of interpretation, action, self-regulation models, and related cognitive functions; (3) The association between differing degrees of self-perceived strategic competence and different levels of academic performance was investigated by conducting a cluster analysis, which led to the identification of four groups of students; (4) Analysis of the concept of "intercultural competence", as a set of requisites necessary in complex situations and in particular in working with migrants, constituting the indispensable wealth of resources to train education professionals; (5) An empirical survey in the Campania region of Italy: approach to competency-based education.