This book concerns the development of the «Theology of Liberation» and the use of religion as a means to legitimate political power. In particular the origins of clerical power are explored. In the first place, the ambiguity of Constantine as Roman Emperor and christian ruler at the same time, builder of christian churches but of pagan temples also is analysed. Secondly, the origins of clerical power are seen in the orthodox interpretation of the Holy Scriptures as the exclusive right of the special officers, who are appointed by the Church authorities for this important task. Special critical attention is also given to the seminal research on the «Authoritarian Personality» by Theodor W. Adorno and associates.